基于文献挖掘的闽南“癀”草药及其药性规律研究

文章信息/Info

• Title:基于文献挖掘的闽南“癀”草药及其药性规律研究

• 卷期:2024年22卷19期

• 作者:夏裕发1,2，陈纪鹏1,2*

• 1．漳州片仔癀药业股份有限公司，福建  漳州 363000；2．福建省片仔癀天然医药研发企业重点实验室，福建  漳州，363000

• Author(s):Xia YuFa1,2  Chen JiPeng1,2*

• 1.Zhangzhou Pien Tze Huang Pharmaceutical CO.,LTD;,Zhangzhou 363000,China；2. Fujian Pien Tze Huang Enterprise Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Research and Development,Zhangzhou 363000,China

• 关键词 癀；草药；文献挖掘；药性规律

• Keywords:Huang; Herbal medicine; Literature mining; Law of medicinal properties

• 摘要: 目的：挖掘闽南品名含“癀”字的草药，理清其正名和来源，探讨其药性规律。方法：以《闽南民间草药》等文献作为信息来源，挖掘品名或别名含“癀”字的草药，梳理科属、种来源，并进行统计分析“癀”草药的科属、药性、药味、归经、功效等规律。结果：共挖掘“癀”草药52味，包括25个科，以菊科、唇形科、茜草科植物较多，共占比38.5%；药性以凉性（38.5%）、寒性（30.8%）为主，药味以苦（47.6%）、辛（26.8%）为主，归经以肝经（25.4%）、肺经（25.4%）为主，功效以解毒（78.8%）、清热（65.4%）、消肿（50%）、活血（34.6%）、除湿（34.6%）为主。结论：“癀”草药性主凉、寒，味主苦、辛，具有清热解毒、活血消肿、除湿等主要功效，与闽南人民用于主治“退癀”吻合，这些规律能为“癀”草药的使用和研究提供参考。                                                                                                                                                                                

• AbstractTo explore the herbal medicine with the word "Huang" in its name in southern Fujian, clarify its name and basic source, and explore its medicinal properties. Methods: Literature such as "Folk Herbs in Southern Fujian" is used as information sources to explore herbs with the word "Huang" in their name or alias, sort out the sources of family and species, and conduct statistical analysis on the laws of family, medicinal property, medicinal taste, channel tropism and efficacy of "Huang" herb.  Results: A total of 52 herbal flavors of "Huang" were explored, including 25 families. Compositae, Labiaceae and Rubiaceae were the most common plants, accounting for 38.5%.  The medicinal properties were mainly cool (38.5%) and cold (30.8%), the medicinal tastes were mainly bitter (47.6%) and spicy (26.8%), and the channel tropisms were mainly liver (25.4%) and lung (25.4%).  The main effects were detoxification (78.8%), clearing heat (65.4%), detumescence (50%), invigorating the circulation of blood (34.6%),and dehumidification (34.6%).  Conclusion: The herbal medicine "Huang" is characterized by coolness, cold, bitter and spicy, which has the main effects of clearing heat and detoxification, invigorating the circulation of blood and detumescence, dehumidification, etc., which is consistent with the indications of "Tuihuang" used by people in southern Fujian. These rules can provide reference for the use and research of "Huang" herbal medicine.

  闽南通常包括厦门、泉州、漳州三个地区，这里的草药资源极其丰富，品类繁多，至少有一千多种植物被民间当做药物使用，有“见青就是药”的俗语。闽南青草药的一个最大特色是,凡具有清热解毒、消肿止痛的青草药，民间都会在青草药后面形象地加一个“癀”字[1]。“癀”是闽南方言，可意为热、毒、肿、痛和各种炎症的统称。《现代汉语方言大词典》[2]记载厦门有吊癀、退癀、发癀、冲癀等方言，其中吊癀旨拔毒，退癀旨消除炎症或红肿，发癀旨疮口有炎症，四周红肿疼痛，冲癀旨脓疮等发炎红肿。闽南漳州的片仔癀是著名的中成药，片仔癀在闽南语意为“一片即可退癀”,用时用刀切“片”(粗略的剂量,小小的一片,有“仔”之意)服用[3],凡热毒肿痛之症，均能显效。